Abamectinke mofuta oa sebolaya dikokwana-hloko, acaricide le nematicide ntshetswa pele ka tshebedisano-mmoho le Merck (hona joale Syngenta) ea United States, e neng e qheleloa ka thōko mobu oa sebakeng seo Streptomyces Avermann ke Univesithi ea Kitori Japane ka 1979. E ka sebelisoa ho laola likokoanyana tse kang mites, lepidoptera, homoptera, coleoptera, root-knot nematodes lijalong tse ngata, lifate tsa litholoana, lipalesa le lifate, tse kang diamondback moth, sefate sa leafminer sa lifate tsa litholoana, maleshoane, popane ea morung, likho tse khubelu, thrips, planthoppers, lekhasi. hoaba, hoaba, joalo-joalo.
1 Abamectin · Fluazinam
Fluazinam ke pyrimidine bactericidal e ncha le acaricidal agent. Ho ile ha tlalehoa hore e na le phello ea bactericidal ka 1982. Ka 1988, e ne e le motsoako o entsoeng le ho qalisoa ke Syngenta ke Ishihara Corporation ea Japane. Ka 1990, Fluazinam, phofo e metsi ea 50%, e ile ea qala ho thathamisoa Japane. Mokhoa oa eona oa ts'ebetso ke mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation coupling agent, e ka thibelang ts'ebetso eohle ea nts'etsopele ea libaktheria tse tšoaelitsoeng. E ke ke ea thibela feela ho lokolloa le ho mela ha li-zoospores tsa pathogen, empa hape e thibela kholo ea mycelium ea pathogen le ho thehoa ha litho tse hlaselang. E na le tšireletso e matla, empa ha e na lintho tse thibelang le ho phekola, empa e na le ho phehella ho hotle le ho hanyetsa khoholeho ea pula.
Motsoako oa motsoako oa Abamectin le haloperidine hangata o sebelisoa ho laola likokoanyana tse senyang limela, tse ke keng tsa laola ka katleho likokoanyana tsa phytophagous tse kang sekho, empa hape li thibela ho hlaha ha mafu a sa tšoaneng.
2 Abamectin · pyridaben
Pyridaben, e bolaeang likokoanyana le acaricide ea thiazidone, e entsoe ke Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd. ka 1985. E sebetsa khahlanong le mahe, nymphs le likokoanyana tse kholo tsa likokoanyana tse kotsi, tse kang panonychus mites, gall mites, leaf mites le claw e nyenyane. mites, hape e na le litlamorao tse itseng tsa taolo khahlano le hoaba, matsetse a metsero e mosehla, li-leaf hoppers le tse ling tse senyang lijalo. Mokhoa oa eona oa ts'ebetso ke sebolaea-likokoanyana le acaricide e seng ea tsamaiso, ke hore, e thibela haholo ho qaptjoa ha hlobo e itseng ka har'a lisele tsa mesifa, lisele tsa methapo le tsamaiso ea phetiso ea elektronike ea tse senyang lijalo. E na le thepa e matla ea ho bolaea, empa ha e na ho monya ka hare le phello ea mofu.
Avi · pyridaben e sebelisoa haholo-holo ho laola likokoanyana tse kotsi tse kang sekho se sefubelu, empa hobane pyridaben e 'nile ea sebelisoa lijalo tse fapa-fapaneng ka nako e telele le ka makhetlo a mangata, ho hanyetsa ha eona le hona ho hoholo, kahoo mofuta ona oa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana o khothalletsoa ho sebelisoa ho thibela. le ho laola likokoanyana tse kotsi ha li sa etsahale kapa nakong ea pele ea ho hlaha. Ho na le haholo-holo emulsion, microemulsion, phofo e metsi, emulsion ea metsi le moemeli oa ho emisa.
3 Abamectin · Etoxazole
Etimazole ke oxazoline acaricide, diphenyl oxazoline derivative acaricide e fumanoeng le ho hlahisoa ke Sumitomo Corporation ea Japane ka 1994. E ka sebelisoa bakeng sa likokoanyana tse kotsi tse kang Tetranychus urticae, Tetranychus holoclavatus, Tetranychus originalis le Tetranychus lifateng tsa litholoana le cinnabarinus. , lipalesa le lijalo tse ling. Mokhoa oa eona oa ts'ebetso ke chitin inhibitor, ke hore, ho thibela sebopeho sa embryo sa mahe a mite le ho peeling ha mite ho batho ba baholo. E na le liphello tsa ho bolaea batho le ho chefo ka mpeng, 'me ha e na ho monya ka hare. E na le ts'ebetso e phahameng khahlanong le mahe a mites, likokoanyana tse nyane le nymphs, 'me e na le phello e mpe ho likokoanyana tse kholo, empa e ka thibela ho qhotsa kapa ho qhotsoa ha likokoanyana tse kholo tse tšehali,' me e khona ho mamella khoholeho ea pula.
Avenidazole e loketse ho sebelisoa qalong ea ho qhoma ha likokoanyana tse kotsi kapa ha e sa tsoa fumanoa.
4 Abamectin · Bifenazat
Bifenazat ke mofuta oa Bifenazat acaricide, e ileng ea sibolloa ke Khampani ea pele ea Uniroy (eo hona joale e leng Koju Company) ka 1996, 'me ea ntlafatsoa hammoho le Nissan Chemical ea Japane. E ne e thathamisitsoe ka 2000 e le hydrazine formate (kapa diphenylhydrazine) acaricide. Setlhare sena ha se sebetse feela ho feta ethyndrite, empa hape se bolokehile bakeng sa limela. E sebelisoa bakeng sa mefuta e mengata ea likokoanyana tse kotsi tse kang Tetranychus urticae, Tetranychus flavus, Tetranychus totalis, joalo-joalo lifateng tsa litholoana, meroho, limela tsa mekhabiso le mahapu. E na le phello ea ho bolaea batho, ha e na ho monya ka hare, 'me ha e ame phello ea tšebeliso ka mocheso o tlase. E sebetsa maemong ohle a bophelo ba mite (mahe, nymphs le mite e kholo) mme e na le ts'ebetso ea ho bolaea mahe le ts'ebetso ea ho kokota khahlanong le likokoanyana tse kholo. Mokhoa oa eona oa ts'ebetso ke ho thibela lisele tsa methapo ea kutlo, ke hore, ho tsamaiso ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo γ- Ts'ebetso e ikhethang ea aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor e ka thibela tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng ea mites ho finyella phello ea ho bolaea.
Avil · Bifenazat ester ha e atlehe haholo ho bolaea, empa hape ha ho bonolo ho hlahisa ho hanyetsa lithethefatsi. E ka sebelisoa lijalong tse ngata.
6 Abamectin · Hexythiazox
Thiazolidinone ke mofuta oa acaricide e hlahisoang ke Caoda Company ea Japane. Haholo-holo e tobisitsoe ho likokoanyana tsa sekho, 'me e na le ts'ebetso e fokolang khahlanong le likokoanyana tsa rust le gall mites. Mokhoa oa eona oa ts'ebetso ke non-system acaricide, e nang le liphello tsa ho bolaea le ho chefo ka mpeng, 'me ha e na conductivity ea ka hare ea ho monya, empa e na le phello e ntle ea ho kenella ho epidermis ea semela. E na le ts'ebetso e ntle khahlanong le mahe a mites le likokoanyana tse nyane. Le hoja e na le chefo e fokolang ho likokoanyana tse kholo, e ka thibela ho qhotsoa ha mahe a mites a maholo. Non-thermal acaricide, ke hore, ha e ame phello ea acaricidal ka mocheso o phahameng kapa o tlaase.
Ave · Hexythiazox e ka sebelisoa ho laola likokoanyana tsa sekho kapa sekho ka linako tse ngata, empa phello ea eona ho likokoanyana tse kholo ha e ntle. Ho khothalletsoa ho li laola qalong ea ketsahalo, 'me ha ho na phapang ea phello ha mocheso oa tikoloho o fetoha haholo.
7 Abamectin · Diafenthiuron
Diafenthiuron ke chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana e ncha ea thiourea e entsoeng ke Ciba-Kaji (eo hona joale e leng Syngenta) ka bo-1980. E sebedisetswa ho laola disenyi tsa Lepidoptera tse kang diamondback moth, cabbage worm, bean armyworm dijalong tse fapaneng le dijalo tsa mekhabiso, mmoho le disenyi tsa pteroptera tse kang leafhopper, whitefly le aphid, mmoho le phytophagous mites tse kang spider mite (spider mite) le tarsal mite. E na le litlamorao tsa ho bolaea ha motho a ama, ho chefo ka mpeng, ho fumigation le ho monya ka hare. Diafenthiuron e na le phello e liehang ho mahe, li-larvae, nymphs le batho ba baholo, empa phello ea eona ho mahe ha e ntle. Mokhoa oa eona oa ts'ebetso ke hore e na le ts'ebetso ea likokoana-hloko feela ka mor'a hore e senyehe ho ba lihlahisoa tsa carbodiimide tlas'a khanya ea letsatsi (ultraviolet) kapa tlas'a ts'ebetso ea oxidase e sebetsang ka bongata 'meleng oa kokoanyana, 'me carbodiimide e ka khetha ka mokhoa o ikhethileng ho kopanya Fo-ATPase le protheine ea pore e ka ntle ea membrane. ka lera le ka hare la mitochondria ho thibela phefumoloho ea mitochondrial, ho sitisa tšebetso ea methapo ea kutlo ea mitochondria 'meleng oa kokoanyana, ho ama phefumoloho ea eona le phetoho ea matla, le ho etsa hore kokoanyana e shoele.
Avidin ha e khone ho laola likokoanyana tse kotsi feela tse kang likokoanyana tsa sekho le tarsal mites lijalong, empa hape e na le phello e ntle ea taolo ho tse senyang lijalo tsa lepidoptera le homoptera, empa e na le phello e mpe ho likokoanyana kapa mahe a likokoanyana. E ka sebelisoa hammoho le mefuta e meng ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana e nang le phello e matla e potlakileng kapa nako e telele, 'me e ka sebelisoa hammoho le tse ling tse bolaeang mahe, tse kang tetrapyrazine. E boetse e tsotella meroho e meng, joalo ka cauliflower le broccoli, 'me ha e khothalletsoe ho e sebelisa nakong ea lipalesa.
8 Abamectin · Propargite
Propargite ke mofuta oa organic sulfur acaricide, e entsoeng ke Khampani ea pele ea Uniroy ea United States (eo hona joale e leng Copua Company ea United States) ka 1969. Mokhoa oa eona oa ts'ebetso ke mitochondrial inhibitor, ke hore, ka ho thibela motsoako oa matla a mitochondrial ( ATP) ea mites, kahoo e ama metabolism e tloaelehileng le ho lokisoa ha mites le ho bolaea likokoanyana. E na le litlamorao tsa chefo ea ka mpeng, ho bolaea batho le ho tsuba, ha e na ho monya le ho kenella ka hare ho eona, 'me e na le ts'ebetso ea bohlokoa mochesong o phahameng. E na le litlamorao tse ntle ho likokoanyana tse nyane, nymphs le likokoanyana tse kholo, empa ts'ebetso e tlase ho mahe a mites. ① Ho eketsa khatello tlas'a mocheso o phahameng ho tla baka tšenyo e ka khutlisoang likarolong tse bonolo tsa lijalo. ② E na le litšoaneleho tsa phello e potlakileng, nako e telele ea phello, le masala a tlaase (ka lebaka la ho se khonehe ha eona, boholo ba meriana ea metsi e tla sala feela holim'a limela). E ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho laola boholo ba likokoanyana tse kotsi tse kang lekhasi la lekhasi, mite yellow mites, lekhasi, gall mites, joalo-joalo limela tse fapaneng tse kang mahapu, meroho ea cruciferous, lifate tsa litholoana, k'hothone, linaoa, lifate tsa tee le limela tsa mekhabiso. .
Avi - acetyl mites e ka laola mefuta e mengata ea likokoanyana tse kotsi lijalong. Mocheso o itseng, ha thempereichara e phahame, phello ea taolo e ba ea bohlokoa haholo, empa phello ea mahe a mites e fokola, 'me tekanyo e feteletseng e tla hlahisa matšoao a itseng a ka hlaphoheloang likarolong tse bonolo tsa lijalo.
9 Abamectin · fenpropathrin
Fenpropathrin ke sebolaya dikokonyana sa pyrethroid le acaricide e qapilweng ke Sumitomo ka 1973. E ka sebediswa bakeng sa hoaba, bollworm ba k'hothone, seboko sa k'habeche, tšoele ea diamondback, leafminer, tea leafhopper, inchworm, heartworm, flower shell worm, moth e chefo le likokoanyana tse ling tsa Lepido. Homoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera, Coleoptera le tse ling tse senyang lijalo k'hothone, lifate tsa litholoana, meroho le lijalo tse ling, hammoho le ho thibela sekho se sefubelu le likokoanyana tse ling tse kotsi. E na le liphello tsa ho bolaea batho, ho chefo ka mpeng le ho leleka, 'me ha e na liphello tsa ho hema le ho fumigating. E sebetsa ka thata ho mahe, likokoanyana tse nyenyane, nymphs, likokoanyana tse nyenyane le likokoanyana tse kholo tsa likokoanyana tse kotsi. Mokhoa oa eona oa ts'ebetso ke chefo ea methapo, ke hore, e sebetsa tsamaisong ea methapo ea likokoanyana, e senya ts'ebetso ea ho tsamaisa methapo ea likokoanyana, 'me e etsa hore e be le thabo e feteletseng, e shoeleng litho le ho shoa. Phello e tsoteha ka mocheso o tlaase, empa e ke ke ea sebelisoa ka mocheso o phahameng, o bonolo ho baka tšenyo ea lithethefatsi.
Avermethrin e ka sebelisoa ho laola lijalo ka likokoanyana tse ngata tsa likho kapa likho tse khubelu, empa phello ea taolo e itšetlehile ka maemo. Hobane fenpropathrin ke pyrethroid, ka kakaretso ha e na ho hanyetsana le mefuta e meng ea li-acaricides, empa e khona ho laola mefuta e mengata ea likokoanyana tse kotsi, 'me e bonolo ho hlahisa ho hanyetsa lithethefatsi, hape e khona ho laola mefuta e fapaneng ea lepidoptera, molomo o hlabang le molomo. tse ling tse senyang lijalo, empa lebaka la mefuta e fapaneng e feteletseng ea li-pyrethroids le ts'ebeliso ea lilemo tse ngata, Phello ea thibelo le taolo e kanna ea se be e loketseng, ka hona ho khothaletsoa ho sebelisa thibelo pele. Mefuta ea litekanyetso e kenyelletsa oli e molsifiable, microemulsion le phofo e metsi.
10 Abamectin · Profenofos
Profenofos ke sebolaya dikokonyana sa thiophosphate organophosphate le acaricide e qapilweng ke Ciba-Kaji (eo hona jwale e leng Syngenta) ka 1975. E ka thibela le ho laola molomo o hlabang, molomo o hlafunang kapa disenyi le dikokonyana tsa lepidoptera le dikokonyana ho raese, k'hothone, lifate tsa litholoana, meroho ea cruciferous, limela tsa mekhabiso, areca, kokonate le dimela tse ding, tse kang cotton bollworm, rice leaf roller, diamondback moth, nocturnal moth, aphid, thrips, red spider, rice planthopper, leaf miner le tse ling tse senyang lijalo. Mokhoa oa eona oa ts'ebetso ke acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, e nang le ho kopana le chefo ea mala, ho kenella ka matla lijalong, phello e ntle ea kapele ho tse senyang lijalo, le phello ea ho bolaea mahe ho likokoanyana le likokoanyana. Empa ha ho na ho monya ka hare. E ka kenngoa ka potlako ke bokaholimo ba semela, 'me e na le bokhoni bo itseng ba ho fetisa' meleng oa semela. E ka fetisetsoa pheletsong ea makhasi ho bolaea likokoanyana tsa eona, 'me Profenofos e na le phello e matla ea ho thibela ts'ebetso ea likokoanyana tsa acetylcholinesterase, tse fokolisang ho hanyetsa lithethefatsi ho tse senyang lijalo. Hobane phosphorus e ngata e na le ts'ebetso e itseng khahlanong le likokoanyana tse kotsi, mofuta o tšoanang oa li-avirin le Profenofos li ka sebelisoa ho thibela likokoanyana tse kotsi.
11 Abamectin · chlorpyrifos
Chlorpyrifos ke chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana ea organophosphorus e entsoeng le ho hlahisoa ke Taoshi Yinong ka 1965. E ne e thibetsoe ho sebelisoa mahapu le meroho Chaena ka la 31 Tšitoe 2014, 'me e thibetsoe ka ho feletseng libakeng tse ling (joaloka Hainan, joalo-joalo) ho tloha 2020. E na le litlamorao tsa ho bolaea ha motho a ts'oaroa, chefo ka mpeng, le monko, empa ha e na ho hema. Ka mor'a ho sebelisoa, e tla thibela mosebetsi oa acetylcholinesterase 'meleng oa tse senyang lijalo, e leng se etsang hore ba tsoe ka teka-tekano, overexcitation, le spasm ho isa lefung. E ka sebelisoa bakeng sa taolo ea borers, noctuids le lepidoptera tse ling le coleoptera holim'a raese, poone, soya, lifate tsa litholoana le lijalo tse ling, hammoho le likokoanyana tse ka tlas'a lefatše tse kang li-stem borers le li-tigers, le likokoanyana tse fapaneng tse kang leafminer.
Abamectin le chlorpyrifos li ngolisitse mefuta e fetang 60 Chaena, 'me e sebelisoa haholo-holo ho laola likokoanyana tsa lepidoptera tsa lifate tsa litholoana, li-tigers, li-grubs, nematodes tsa metso-knot le likokoanyana tse ling tse ka tlas'a lefatše. Joalo ka phosphorus e ngata ea manyolo joalo ka Profenofos, li na le ts'ebetso e itseng khahlano le likokoanyana tse kotsi, hape li ka bapala karolo ea ho thibela likokoanyana tse kotsi.
Nako ea poso: Feb-20-2023
