Glyphosate, Paraquat, le Glufosinate-ammonium ke tse tharo tse kholo tse bolaeang litlama tsa biocidal. E 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le litšobotsi le melemo ea eona. Hoo e ka bang balemi bohle ba ka bua ka tse 'maloa tsa tsona, empa likakaretso tse khutšoane le tse felletseng le likakaretso li ntse li sa tloaeleha. Li bohlokoa ho akaretsa 'me li bonolo ho li tšoara ka hlooho.
Glyphosate
Glyphosate ke mofuta oa organophosphorus-mofuta oa systemic conductive broad-spectrum, biocidal, low-toxic herbicide. E thibela haholo-holo enolacetyl shikimate phosphate synthase limela, kahoo e thibela phetoho ea shikidomin ho phenylalanine le tyrosine. Le phetoho ea tryptophan, e sitisang protheine synthesis mme e lebisa lefung la semela. Glyphosate e na le tsamaiso e matla haholo ea tsamaiso. E ke ke ea monngoa feela le ho fetisetsoa likarolong tse ka tlas'a lefatše ka lithupa le makhasi, empa hape e ka fetisoa pakeng tsa lihlahla tse fapaneng tsa semela se le seng. E na le phello e matla ea ho bolaea lisele tse ka tlas'a lefatše tsa mofoka o metseng ka metso e sa feleng 'me e ka Fihla botebo boo mechine e tloaelehileng ea temo e ke keng ea fihla ho eona. Ka mor'a ho kena mobung, moriana o kopanya kapele le tšepe, aluminium le li-ion tse ling tsa tšepe 'me o lahleheloa ke mosebetsi. Ha e na litlamorao tse mpe ho lipeo le likokoana-hloko tse mobung 'me e bolokehile bakeng sa lira tsa tlhaho le lintho tse phelang tse molemo.
Glyphosate e loketse bakeng sa ho hlaola lirapeng tsa lifate tse kang liapole, lipere le lilamunu, hammoho le lirapa tsa mulberry, masimo a k'hothone, poone ea no-till, raese e lenngoeng ka ho toba, masimo a rabara, masimo a fallow, litsela, joalo-joalo. laola ka katleho lehola la joang la selemo le selemo, lehola le lehola la makhasi a sephara. Bakeng sa lehola le manganga haholo ho Liliaceae, Convolvulaceae le Leguminosae, ke tekanyo e eketsehileng feela e ka laoloang ka katleho.
Paraquat
Paraquat ke sebolayalehola se sebetsang ka potlako se bolayang dimela se nang le phello e matla e senyang dithishu tse tala tsa dimela. Makhasi a mofoka a tla qala ho senyeha le ho fetoha mebala ka mor'a lihora tse 2-3 ka mor'a hore sebolayalehola se sebelisoe. Setlhare ha se na phello ea tsamaiso ea tsamaiso 'me se ka senya sebaka sa kopo feela, empa se ke ke sa senya metso ea limela le lipeo tse patiloeng mobung. Ka hona, mofoka o tsosolosa ka mor'a kopo. Ha e khone ho phunyeletsa lekhapetla la suberized. Hang ha e kopana le mobu, e tla ba adsorbed le passivated. Paraquat e tumme haholo ka lebaka la melemo ea eona e kang phello e potlakileng, ho hanyetsa khoholeho ea pula, le ts'ebetso ea theko e phahameng. Leha ho le joalo, e chefo haholo ebile e kotsi ho batho le liphoofolong. Hang ha e chefo, ha ho na pheko e tobileng.
Glufosinate-ammonium
1. E na le mefuta e mengata ea libolaea-lehola. Mefoka e mengata e na le kutloelo-bohloko ho Glufosinate-ammonium. Mofoka ona o kenyeletsa: cowgrass, bluegrass, sedge, bermudagrass, barnyard grass, ryegrass, bentgrass, rice sedge, Special-shaped sedge, crabgrass, wild licorice, false stinkweed, corn grass, roughleaf flower grass, flying flower, wild amaranth, sedge, hollow lotus grass (phetoho joang), chickweed, ntsintsi e nyenyane, 'm'e matsale, pere Amaranth, Brachiaria, Viola, tšimo bindweed, Polygonum, sepache sa molisa, chicory, plantain, ranunculus, phefumoloho ea lesea, European Senecio, joalo-joalo.
2. Litšobotsi tse ikhethang tsa ketso. Glufosinate-ammonium ha e hloke pula bakeng sa lihora tse 6 ka mor'a ho fafatsa ho eketsa ts'ebetso ea eona. Tlas'a maemo a masimo, hobane e ka senyeha ke likokoana-hloko tsa mobu, metso e sitoa ho e monya kapa ho monya hanyenyane haholo. Lithupa le makhasi Ka mor'a ho phekoloa, makhasi a potlakela ho hlahisa phytotoxicity, kahoo a fokotsa ho tsamaisoa ha Glufosinate-ammonium phloem le xylem. Mocheso o phahameng, mongobo o phahameng, le matla a mabone a phahameng li khothalletsa ho monya ha Glufosinate-ammonium le ho eketsa ts'ebetso haholo. Ho eketsa 5% (W / V) ammonium sulfate ho tharollo ea spray ho ka khothalletsa ho kenngoa ha Glufosinate-ammonium le ho ntlafatsa ka katleho mosebetsi oa Glufosinate-ammonium tlas'a maemo a tlaase a mocheso. Kutloelo-bohloko ea letoto la limela ho Glufosinate-ammonium e amana le ho monya ha tsona li-herbicides, kahoo ammonium sulfate e na le phello e kholo ea synergistic ho mofoka o nang le kutlo e tlase.
3. E bolokehile tikolohong, Glufosinate-ammonium e senyeha ka potlako ke likokoana-hloko tse mobung, 'me ho phalla ha eona mobung o mongata ha ho fete 15 cm. Metsi a teng a mobu a ama ho ata le ho senyeha ha oona, 'me qetellong a ntša carbon dioxide. Ha ho masala a fumanoeng nakong ea kotulo ea lijalo mme halofo ea bophelo ke matsatsi a 3-7. Matsatsi a 32 ka mor'a ho phekoloa ha stem le makhasi, hoo e ka bang 10% -20% ea metsoako le lihlahisoa tsa ho senyeha li ile tsa lula mobung, 'me ka matsatsi a 295, boemo ba masala bo ne bo le haufi le 0. Ho nahanoa ka polokeho ea tikoloho, halofo ea bophelo bo khutšoanyane le ho se tsamaee hantle. mobu etsa Glufosinate-ammonium hape e loketse bakeng sa ho weeding morung.
4. Litebello tse pharaletseng. Kaha Glufosinate-ammonium e na le sebolaea-lehola se pharaletseng, e senyeha ka potlako tikolohong 'me e na le chefo e tlase ho likokoana-hloko tse sa lebelloang, ho bohlokoa haholo ho e sebelisa e le sebolaea-lehola se khethang kamora ho hlaha masimong a lijalo. Theknoloji ea Bioengineering Sena se fana ka monyetla. Hajoale, Glufosinate-ammonium e boemong ba bobeli ho Glyphosate lipatlisisong le khothatsong ea lijalo tse hanyetsanang le meriana ea litlama tse fetotsoeng ka liphatsa tsa lefutso. Hajoale, lijalo tse fetotsoeng liphatsa tsa lefutso tse hananang le Glufosinate-ammonium li kenyelletsa peto, poone, soya, k'hothone, beet ea tsoekere, raese, harese, Koro, rye, litapole, raese, joalo-joalo. Ha ho pelaelo hore Glufosinate-ammonium e na le 'maraka o moholo oa khoebo. Ho ea ka lintlha tse ling, Glufosinate-ammonium e ka thibela le ho laola tšoaetso ea raese sheath blight le ho fokotsa likolone tseo e li hlahisang. E na le ts'ebetso e phahameng khahlanong le li-fungus tse bakang sheath blight, sclerotinia le pythium wilt, 'me e ka thibela le ho e phekola ka nako e le' ngoe. Mofoka le mafu a fungal lijalong tsa Glufosinate-ammonium transgenic. Ho fafatsa litekanyetso tse tloaelehileng tsa Glufosinate-ammonium masimong a soya a hanyetsanang le Glufosinate-ammonium ho na le phello e itseng ea thibelo ho baktheria ea soybean Pseudomonas infestans mme e ka thibela kapa ea liehisa kholo ea baktheria. Hobane Glufosinate-ammonium e na le litšoaneleho tsa ts'ebetso e phahameng, ho monya hantle, bongata bo pharalletseng ba herbicide, chefo e tlase, le ts'ebelisano e ntle ea tikoloho, ke sebolai se seng se setle ka mor'a Glyphosate.
Nako ea poso: Feb-26-2024
